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Long-term endurance training-induced cardiac adaptation in new rabbit and dog animal models of the human athlete’s heart

Polyák, Alexandra and Kui, Péter and Morvay, Nikolett and Leprán, István and Ágoston, Gergely and Varga, Albert and Nagy, Norbert and Baczkó, István and Farkas, András and Papp, Julius Gyula and Varró, András and Farkas, Attila (2018) Long-term endurance training-induced cardiac adaptation in new rabbit and dog animal models of the human athlete’s heart. Reviews in Cardiovascular Medicine, 19 (4). pp. 135-142. ISSN 1530-6550

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Abstract

Sudden cardiac death in athletes is rare and most often unexpectable. For a better understanding of cardiac re- modeling, this study presents the effects of chronic vigor- ous exercise on cardiac structure and electrophysiology in new rabbit and dog athlete’s heart models. Rabbits and dogs were randomized into sedentary (’Sed’), exer- cised (subjected to 16 weeks chronic treadmill exercise (’Ex’) groups, and a testosterone-treated (’Dop’) group in dogs. Echocardiography and electrocardiogram were performed. Proarrhythmic sensitivity and autonomic re- sponses were tested in conscious dogs. ‘Ex’ animals exhibited left ventricular enlargement with bradycardia (mean RR in ‘Ex’ vs. ‘Sed’ rabbits: 335 ± 15 vs. 288 ± 19 ms, p ≤ 0.05, and in ‘Dop’ vs. ‘Ex’ vs. ‘Sed’ dogs: 718 ± 6 vs. 638 ± 38 vs. 599 ± 49 ms) accompanied by an increase of heart rate variability in both species (e.g. SD RR in ‘Ex’ vs. ‘Sed’ rabbits: 3.4 ± 0.9 vs. 1.4 ± 0.1 ms, p ≤ 0.05, and in ‘Dop’ vs. ‘Ex’ vs. ‘Sed’ dogs: 156 ± 59 vs. 163 ± 44 vs. 111 ± 49 ms) indicating an increased vagal tone. A lower response to parasym- patholytic agent atropine and more pronounced QT c in- terval lengthening after dofetilide challenge were found in ’Ex’ and ’Dop’ dogs compared to the ‘Sed’ group. No morphological and functional changes were found after chronic steroid treatment in dogs. The structural-functional findings share more similarities with human athlete’s heart. Slight repolarization sensitivity in the exercised dogs may indicate an increased risk of arrhythmias in athletes under different circumstances. These animal models might be useful for the further investigations of the cardiovascular effects of competitive training.

Item Type: Article
Subjects: R Medicine / orvostudomány > R1 Medicine (General) / orvostudomány általában
R Medicine / orvostudomány > R1 Medicine (General) / orvostudomány általában > R850-854 Experimental medicine / kisérleti orvostudomány
Depositing User: Dr. Norbert Nagy
Date Deposited: 24 Sep 2019 07:26
Last Modified: 03 Apr 2023 06:32
URI: http://real.mtak.hu/id/eprint/100464

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