Az apai vonalú N haplocsoport szerepe a mai baskírok, tatárok és magyarok genetikai kapcsolatrendszerében

Németh, Endre and Kustár, Ágnes and Székely, Gábor and Klima, László (2019) Az apai vonalú N haplocsoport szerepe a mai baskírok, tatárok és magyarok genetikai kapcsolatrendszerében. ANTHROPOLOGIAI KÖZLEMÉNYEK, 60. pp. 43-64. ISSN 0003-5440

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Abstract

A specific genetic relationship under paternal haplogroup N among Hungarians, Bashkirs and Tatars is presented. The study identified two, approximately 2700–2800 years old paternal ancestor under subhaplogroup N-B539, whose descendants have so far been identified only among Hungarians, Bashkirs and Tatars. The descendants of one forefather form a specific subgroup under haplogroup N-B540, those of the other under N-B545. N-B540 is relatively rare in Europe, but it is relatively frequent among contemporary Ob-Ugric populations. The presently known geographic spread of N-B545 is even more limited than that of N-B540. The marker N-B545 was only identified in the Carpathian Basin and among Bashkirs and Tatars. Another important observation from our perspective is that a third subgroup of haplogroup N, N3a2-M2118 is practically absent from Europe except for North-Western Bashkortostan, but it is sporadically present among Hungarian conquerors and contemporary Hungarians. It is remarkable that the subgroup N3a2-M2118 in Europe only appears in North-Western Bashkortostan, and even there only among the Yenei tribe, but there with a relatively high frequency. We have also added anthropologic, historic, archaeologic and linguistic results to the population genetic results in order to put the latter into historical context. Based on the conclusions, it is likely that part of the ancestors of the Hungarian conquerors migrated to the West from North-Western Bashkortostan and possibly from neighbouring border regions of Eastern Tatarstan. In our opinion, more Magyars could have stayed in the Volga-Ural region than researchers traditionally assumed, and Onogur-Bulgar groups could have had an important role in the tribal confederation of Hungarian conquerors.

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