Roadsides provide refuge for orchids: characteristic of the surrounding landscape

Fekete, Réka and Bódis, Judit and Fülöp, Bence and Süveges, Kristóf and Urgyán, Renáta and Malkócs, Tamás and Vincze, Orsolya and Silva, Luís and Molnár V., Attila (2020) Roadsides provide refuge for orchids: characteristic of the surrounding landscape. ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION, 10 (23). pp. 13236-13247. ISSN 2045-7758

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Abstract

Seminatural habitats are declining throughout the world; thus, the role of small an-thropogenic habitats in the preservation of plants is becoming increasingly appreciated. Here, we surveyed the orchid flora of roadside verges in five Central European countries (Austria, Hungary, Romania, Slovakia, and Slovenia) and tested how the surrounding landscape matrix affects the overall number of species and individuals, and also different functional groups of orchids. We found more than 2,000 individuals of 27 orchid species during our surveys. According to our results, the increasing coverage of agricultural and urban areas negatively affects both the number of orchid species and individuals on roadsides. Our study further suggests that differences in the surrounding habitats affect which species are found on roadsides, since the increasing coverage of grasslands or forested areas around orchid occurrences had a significant positive effect on the number of grassland or forest-dwelling species and individuals, respectively. Most variance in orchid numerosity and diversity was explained by the cover of the suitable habitat types of the respective taxa in the surrounding landscape of the sampling points. This highlights the importance of roadsides acting as refugia for numerous species and valuable plant communities as well as in supporting biodiversity in general.

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