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Gut region-dependent alterations of nitrergic myenteric neurons after chronic alcohol consumption.

Bagyánszki, Mária and Bódi, Nikolett (2015) Gut region-dependent alterations of nitrergic myenteric neurons after chronic alcohol consumption. World journal of gastrointestinal pathophysiology, 6 (3). pp. 51-7. ISSN 2150-5330

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Abstract

Chronic alcohol abuse damages nearly every organ in the body. The harmful effects of ethanol on the brain, the liver and the pancreas are well documented. Although chronic alcohol consumption causes serious impairments also in the gastrointestinal tract like altered motility, mucosal damage, impaired absorption of nutrients and inflammation, the effects of chronically consumed ethanol on the enteric nervous system are less detailed. While the nitrergic myenteric neurons play an essential role in the regulation of gastrointestinal peristalsis, it was hypothesised, that these neurons are the first targets of consumed ethanol or its metabolites generated in the different gastrointestinal segments. To reinforce this hypothesis the effects of ethanol on the gastrointestinal tract was investigated in different rodent models with quantitative immunohistochemistry, in vivo and in vitro motility measurements, western blot analysis, evaluation of nitric oxide synthase enzyme activity and bio-imaging of nitric oxide synthesis. These results suggest that chronic alcohol consumption did not result significant neural loss, but primarily impaired the nitrergic pathways in gut region-dependent way leading to disturbed gastrointestinal motility. The gut segment-specific differences in the effects of chronic alcohol consumption highlight the significance the ethanol-induced neuronal microenvironment involving oxidative stress and intestinal microbiota.

Item Type: Article
Subjects: R Medicine / orvostudomány > RB Pathology / patológia, kórtan
R Medicine / orvostudomány > RC Internal medicine / belgyógyászat
R Medicine / orvostudomány > RC Internal medicine / belgyógyászat > RC0321 Neuroscience. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry / idegkórtan, neurológia, pszichiátria
Depositing User: Dr. Mária Bagyánszki
Date Deposited: 09 Sep 2015 10:41
Last Modified: 09 Sep 2015 10:41
URI: http://real.mtak.hu/id/eprint/26114

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