Physical Properties and Chemical Characterization of Macro- and Micro-Nutriments of Elite Blue Maize Hybrids (Zea mays L.)

Urias-Lugo, D.A. and Heredia, J.B. and Valdez-Torres, J.B. and Muy-Rangel, M.D. and Serna-Saldivar, S.O. and García-Lara, S. (2015) Physical Properties and Chemical Characterization of Macro- and Micro-Nutriments of Elite Blue Maize Hybrids (Zea mays L.). Cereal Research Communications, 43 (2). pp. 295-306. ISSN 0133-3720

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Abstract

Five elite blue maize hybrids and two blue maize landraces were evaluated for various quality characteristics. Hybrids showed physical characteristics demanded by dry-millers and tortilla processors: above 290 g in one hundred-kernel weight test, higher test weight (76.1–78.5 kg hl⁻¹) and lower flotation index (22–61%). Hybrid maize 613 × 27 (9.9%) and 611 × 8 (9.5%) contained the highest protein. Potassium, magnesium, manganese and zinc contents of hybrid maize were higher than landraces by 15, 30, 55 and 41%, respectively. Nutrimental profile showed linoleic acid contents above 50% in 503 × 67, 613 × 27 and 611 × 8 hybrid samples. Lysine levels of landraces and hybrids 503 × 67 (33.9 g kg⁻¹ protein) and 631 × 27 (31.7 g kg⁻¹ protein) were higher than reported for regular white corn (27 g kg⁻¹ protein), as well as the highest tryptophan levels for Chalqueno (6.0 g kg⁻¹ protein) and hybrid 503 × 67 (6.9 g kg⁻¹ protein). Highest protein quality based on its digestibility was found in hybrid 503 × 67. Results indicated that elite blue maize hybrids could be an important source of nutrimental compounds with potential for functional food industries.

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