Mineral composition of the cultivated mushrooms Agaricus bisporus, Pleurotus ostreatus and Lentinula edodes

Vetter, J. and Hajdú, Cs. and Gyorfi, J. and Maszlavér, P. (2005) Mineral composition of the cultivated mushrooms Agaricus bisporus, Pleurotus ostreatus and Lentinula edodes. Acta Alimentaria, 34 (4). pp. 441-451. ISSN 0139-3006

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Abstract

Contents of 23 elements were estimated in pilei and stipes of different varieties of three cultivated mushrooms (Agaricus bisporus, Pleurotus ostreatus and Lentinula edodes). The average data of element's composition were evaluated and compared to each other and to the average composition of the wild growing fungi. The high and remarkable K (and partly P) contents are postulated, first of all to Agaricus bisporus. The Ca and Mg contents are in general relative stable and balanced. Copper and Mn as valuable microelements required to the normal human biochemical processes have important quantities. Low sodium levels are characteristic to all examined mushrooms, the lowest values were found for Pleurotus ostreatus. The high K and the low Na contents mean a valuable rate of K and Na (to all species) in the human nutrition of some patients. Selenium level of Agaricus bisporus (2.3-2.7 mg kg-1, d.m.) may improve the Se-supply of the customers. Our data demonstrate clearly that the Cd and As levels of three species are reassuringly low and do not present toxicological risk. Some elements have higher contents in pileus than in stipes (16 elements in Agaricus, 14 in Lentinula, and only 10 elements in Pleurotus), while other ones have an opposite distribution (7, 9 and 13, respectively). Four elements (K, P, Ca and Mg) give 97-98% of the total element concentration of the three cultivated mushrooms, whereas the other 19 elements give only 2-3%.

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