Grain growth rate and grain yield in relation to ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase activity in wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em. Thell) under normal and late sown conditions

Sheikh, S. and Sikka, V. and Behl, R. and Kumar, A. (2010) Grain growth rate and grain yield in relation to ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase activity in wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em. Thell) under normal and late sown conditions. Cereal Research Communications, 38 (4). pp. 589-599. ISSN 0133-3720

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Abstract

The impact of high temperature stress, normally encountered during grain development phases in wheat under late sown conditions, was studied by measuring grain growth rate (mg day⁻¹ grain⁻¹), grain yield (g plant⁻¹) in relation to ADP glucose pyrophosphorylase (AGPase) activity (nmol mg⁻¹ min⁻¹), a key regulatory enzyme in starch biosynthesis. The experimental material comprised nine genetically diverse homozygous genotypes of spring wheat and their six F₁s. These were grown in randomised block design with three replications at CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, India on two dates of sowing 26th November, 2007 (timely, E1) and 24th December, 2007 (late, E2). The rate of grain growth was greatly reduced as temperature increased in late sown environment. Grain growth rate among the parental genotypes was highest in UP 2425 and cross PBW 343 × PBW 435 in both the environments. Mean ADP glucose pyrophosphorylase (AGPase) activity was maximum at 14 days after anthesis in timely sown while in late sown the activity was maximum at 21 days after anthesis in PBW 435, EIGN 1 and EIGN 8 and crosses EIGN 8 × UP 2425, EIGN 1 × Raj 3765 and PBW 343 × PBW 435. A significant positive association in both timely and late sown environments was evident between grain yield and grain growth rate, while in late sown environment, strong positive and significant correlation was observed between grain yield and grain growth rate and also between grain growth rate and AGPase activity in crosses PBW 343 ×WH 283, PBW 343 × WH 542 and PBW 343 × PBW 435. This suggested that increase in grain growth rate and AGPase activities resulted in increase in grain yield and have considerable impact on the yield performance of wheat.

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