Antimicrobial natural products and antibiotics detected by direct bioautography using plant pathogenic bacteria

Horváth, Gy. and Botz, L. and Kocsis, B. and Lemberkovics, É. and Szabó, L. Gy. (2004) Antimicrobial natural products and antibiotics detected by direct bioautography using plant pathogenic bacteria. Acta Botanica Hungarica, 46 (1-2). pp. 153-165. ISSN 0236-6495

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Abstract

Certain classes of bioactive compounds can be separated using planar chromatography. Some biological effects (e.g. antibacterial) of these compounds can be investigated directly by examining the growth of a test organism on a specially treated sorbent of thin layer chromatography (TLC). A special method of detection, direct bioautography, is suitable for studying the antimicrobial activity of plant extracts of natural origin by using TLC. Zones of inhibition are visualised by use of a dehydrogenase-activity-detecting, tetrazol-type reagent. Zones of inhibition appeared as pale spots separating well from the dark background. The antibacterial effect of the main essential oil components of some Thymus taxa, as well as that of two antibiotics (streptomycin sulphate and gentamycin) known and applied in practice was investigated against plant pathogenic bacteria. Results showed that thyme essential oil and its components inhibited the growth of test bacteria, but not so considerably as the antibiotics applied. Compositions of the essential oils were analysed by gas chromatography (GC). It could be verified that among the essential oil components, thymol and carvacrol had the strongest inhibitory effect.

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