The European ankylosaur record: a review

Ősi, Attila (2015) The European ankylosaur record: a review. Hantkeniana, 10. pp. 89-106. ISSN 1219-3933

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Abstract

Ankylosaur skeletal remains and tracks from the European Middle Jurassic to Upper Cretaceous are reviewed here. Whereas the Jurassic material assigned to four species are known mostly by isolated elements, the Early Cretaceous record is more complete, including better cranial material and some partial skeletons. Jurassic to Early Cretaceous material is known almost exclusively from western Europe. The first half of the Late Cretaceous begins with a 12 My long gap without any ankylosaur material from the continent (not counting the earliest Cenomanian, dubious ‘Acanthopholis’ material). The first systematically valuable Late Cretaceous assemblages are from the Santonian of Hungary. The Campano- Maastrichtian record is only represented by different species of Struthiosaurus both in the western and eastern parts of the European archipelago. Characters used to define the recently resurrected European clade Struthiosaurinae by Kirkland and colleagues are also reviewed.

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