The Retinal TNAP

Kántor, Orsolya and Cserpán, Dorottya and Völgyi, Béla and Lukáts, Ákos and Somogyvári, Zoltán (2015) The Retinal TNAP. In: Neuronal Tissue-Nonspecific Alkaline Phosphatase (TNAP). SUBCELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY, 76 . Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht, pp. 107-123. ISBN 978-94-017-7196-2

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Abstract

Accumulating evidence from recent literature underline the important roles of tissue non specific alkaline phosphatase (TNAP) in diverse functions as well as diseases of the nervous system. Exploration of TNAP in well characterized neural circuits such as the retina, might significantly advance our understanding regarding neural TNAP’s roles. This chapter reviews the scarce literature as well as our findings on retinal TNAP. We found that retinal TNAP activity was preserved and followed diverse patterns throughout vertebrate evolution. We have consistently observed TNAP activity (1) in retinal vessels, (2) in photoreceptors and (3) in the majority of the studied species in the outer (OPL) and inner plexiform layers (IPL), where synaptic transmission occurs. Importantly, in some species the IPL exhibits several TNAP positive strata. These strata exactly corresponded those seen after quadruple immunohistochemistry with four canonical IPL markers (tyrosine hydroxylase, choline acetyltransferase, calretinin, protein kinase C α). Diabetes results in diminishing retinal TNAP activity before changes in canonical markers.

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