Allelic diversity in Bulgarian winter wheat varieties based on polymorphism of glutenin subunit composition

Tsenov, N. and Atanasova, D. and Todorov, I. and Ivanova, I. and Stoeva, I. (2009) Allelic diversity in Bulgarian winter wheat varieties based on polymorphism of glutenin subunit composition. Cereal Research Communications, 37 (4). pp. 551-558. ISSN 0133-3720

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Abstract

Seventy-three common winter wheat varieties developed throughout the breeding history of the DAI were investigated for their diversity of allelic variants on storage proteins component composition in grain. The high- and low molecular weight protein structures were determined by the widely used SDS-PAGE method of Payne et al. (1980). The ratio between the individual alleles on the loci of high and low molecular weight glutenin was analyzed. The change in the HMW-score was followed according to the period when the respective varieties were developed. The configuration Glu-A1 b , GluB1 c , Glu-D1 d , which was established in about 45% of the investigated genotypes, was most frequent in the high-molecular variants of glutenin. Concerning the low-molecular weight glutenins in 21 out of the 73 investigated varieties, the combination Glu-A3 c , Glu-B3 b , Glu-D3 c was observed; it coincided with the spectrum of the widely used variety Bezostaya 1. Highest diversity was established in the allelic variants of Glu-A3, Glu-B3 , in which 6 and 5 alleles, respectively, were observed. The quality of the varieties developed at DAI was relatively high (score 8.1). About a quarter of them are with high end-use quality confirmed in production. This is mainly due to the concentration of “strong” positive alleles in glutenin as a result from the intensive use of parents directly or indirectly related to Bezostaya 1, which lead to decrease of the percent of Glu-B1a (2 + 12). Quality should be further increased by additional diversity of combinations between “possitive” as effect on end-use grain quality alleles. Concerning HMW loci to keep of high grain end-use quality, it is necessary to maintain the status of Glu-A1b (2*), as well as of Glu-D1d (5 + 10).

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