Biological control of Fusarium wilt of chickpea using isolates of Trichoderma atroviride, T. harzianum and T. longibrachiatum

Boureghda, H. and Bouznad, Z. (2009) Biological control of Fusarium wilt of chickpea using isolates of Trichoderma atroviride, T. harzianum and T. longibrachiatum. Acta Phytopathologica et Entomologica Hungarica, 44 (1). pp. 25-38. ISSN 0238-1249

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Abstract

Study and comparison of efficiency of the antagonist species Trichoderma atroviride, T. harzianum and T. longibrachiatum against Fusarium wilt were carried out using in vitro and in vivo based bioassay. Significant decrease of both growth and conidia production of the pathogen are obtained compared to the control. Thus, the highest percentages of diameter colony reduction and conidial production were obtained with the T. atroviride isolate (Ta.13), causing 65.64% reduction in colony diameter (direct confrontation), 48.71% reduction in colony diameter (indirect confrontation), and a complete inhibition of conidial production. Once more in direct confrontation, T. atroviride overgrowth the pathogen colony and sporulate above. The seed treatment by Trichoderma spp. isolates before sowing in a soil already infested by the pathogen led to a significant decrease of disease severity compared to the untreated control. The weakest index of disease severity is obtained with the T. atroviride isolates (Ta.13), which cause 83.92% reduction compared to the control. The most effective isolates in protection chickpea seedlings against the disease were the three strains of T. atroviride species (Ta.3, Ta.7 and Ta.13) as well as the isolate T. harzianum (Th.16). Reduction of disease severity obtained was associated with an increase of the vegetal growth including the stem height as well as the plant fresh and dry weight.

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