Genetic diversity of Trichoderma spp. associated with button mushroom, Agaricus bisporus , inferred from AFLP markers and ITS sequencing

Vahabi, K. and Sharifnabi, B. and Zafari, D. (2009) Genetic diversity of Trichoderma spp. associated with button mushroom, Agaricus bisporus , inferred from AFLP markers and ITS sequencing. Acta Phytopathologica et Entomologica Hungarica, 44 (2). pp. 239-253. ISSN 0238-1249

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Abstract

In industrial production of button mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) , the green mold epidemics by Trichoderma species cause serious damage. Sampling has preformed in various stages from pili, compost, seed and soil. Trichoderma selective media and PDA were used to isolate Trichoderma species. Out of 423 isolates, three sections of Trichoderma (Trichoderma, Pachybasium and Longibrachiatum) were identified.Among these isolates, more than 350 related to Trichoderma section, 35 to Pachybasium section and 20 related to Longibrachiatum section. T. harzianum, T. virens, T. atroviride, T. citrinoviride, T. ghanens and T. longibrachiatum were identified from Agaricus bisporus . No isolates of T. aggressivum f. aggressivum and T. aggressivum f. europaeum were obtained in this study. Agaricus bisporus is Matrix Nova for T. virens . The high-resolution fingerprinting method of amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) analysis and sequencing of ITS regions were used to study the genetic relationships among Trichoderma isolates. A total of 1127 polymorphic AFLP loci were obtained using 20 primer combinations. No clear trend was detected between clustering in AFLP dendrogram and geographic origin of isolated materials. According to AFLP and morphological analysis, it is concluded that application of these markers resulted the same clustering and also genetic diversity in T. harzianum aggregate group proved byAFLP, suggesting thatAFLP is suitable marker along with sequencing of conserved regions for complementary classification of Trichoderma with other phylogenetic characteristics.

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