Migrations of Hungarian Peasants into and out of a Village at the Borders of Budapest. Social and Economic Changes in Vecsés in the Early 20th Century

Rakita, Eszter (2018) Migrations of Hungarian Peasants into and out of a Village at the Borders of Budapest. Social and Economic Changes in Vecsés in the Early 20th Century. Pro&Contra (1). pp. 59-79. ISSN 2630-8916

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Abstract

The Hungarian capital, Budapest, witnessed unprecedented development during the rapid modernization period of the Dual Monarchy. It was also the time period when Austria-Hungary underwent the greatest loss of people in its history to international migration. This paper attempts to analyze this phenomenon in relation to a small town in the vicinity of Budapest. Vecsés had been a peasant village but after the abolition of serfdom and the beginnings of modernization, it lost its previous function and transformed into a residential village. The paper analyzes the growth of the population and the changes in the occupational structure, and briefly examines issues of land distribution in Vecsés based on a variety of archival records. The research demonstrates how at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries a typical agricultural village was utterly transformed by the influence of modernization, the urbanization of the capital city, and domestic and international migration.

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