Toxin Accumulation in Avena Species after Different Spray Inoculation by Fusarium graminearum and F. culmorum

Šliková, S. and Gregová, E. and Pastirčák, M. (2019) Toxin Accumulation in Avena Species after Different Spray Inoculation by Fusarium graminearum and F. culmorum. Cereal Research Communications, 47 (4). pp. 656-668. ISSN 0133-3720

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Abstract

Avena spp. were artificially inoculated with Fusarium culmorum Sacc. (FC) and F. graminearum Schwabe (FG) causing Fusarium head blight (FHB). This disease is often accompanied by the accumulation of Fusarium mycotoxins mainly deoxynivalenol (DON) in grains. The contaminated grains with this mycotoxin are toxic to their consumers. Genotypes Avena spp. with low DON accumulation in grains can be used as genetic resources suitable for the formation of new resistant varieties of oats against FHB caused by fungi FC and FG. The aim was to find out and to compare the potential for mycotoxin accumulation in grains between genotypes of Avena spp. after artificial inoculation panicles by FC and FG using three spray methods and identify genotypes of Avena (A. abyssinica, A. byzantina, A. canariensis, A. fatua, A. ludoviciana, A. nuda, A. sativa, A. sterilis, A. strigosa) with low toxin accumulation in whole grain. The average accumulations of DON in the grains of Avena spp. gradually increased from the spray inoculation (0.68 mg · kg⁻¹), spray + polyethylene (PE) bag cover 24 hrs (2.75 mg · kg⁻¹) and spray + PE bag/48 hrs. (9.46 mg · kg⁻¹) methods. We found out that after application of each used method, the high DON accumulation in grains was found in A. canariensis, and low DON levels were found in A. byzantine and A. sterilis.

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