Exploiting the ion-exchange ability of titanate nanotubes in a model water softening process

Madarász, Dániel and Szenti, Imre and Sápi, András and Kukovecz, Ákos and Kónya, Zoltán (2014) Exploiting the ion-exchange ability of titanate nanotubes in a model water softening process. CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS, 591. pp. 161-165. ISSN 0009-2614

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Abstract

Abstract Titanate nanotubes were utilized in Ca2+ and Mg2+ removal in a continuous ion-exchange unit. Three consecutive water softening–regeneration cycles were performed. The highest measured value of the total ion-exchange capacity was 1.2 mmol g−1 which decreased to 0.66 mmol g−1 in the third cycle. The capacity loss was due to the irreversible binding of Ca2+ ions to very strong adsorption sites, while the Mg2+/Na+ exchange was reversible. A relatively fast initial adsorption step and a subsequent slower concentration decrease were the two processes that governed the kinetics of the ion exchange reaction.

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