Classification and unscrambling a class-inside-class situation by object target rotation : Hungarian silver coins of the Árpád Dynasty, 997 – 1301 AD

Christie, Olav H. J. and Rácz, Anita and Elek, János and Héberger, Károly (2014) Classification and unscrambling a class-inside-class situation by object target rotation : Hungarian silver coins of the Árpád Dynasty, 997 – 1301 AD. JOURNAL OF CHEMOMETRICS, 28 (4). pp. 287-292. ISSN 0886-9383, ESSN: 1099-128X

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Abstract

Classification is an important part of chemometrics and mostly based on optimization by vector rotations. The present study is a continuation of the classification of medieval Hungarian silver coins including the 16 kings of the Hungarian Árpád Dynasty (997AD – 1301AD) (Rácz et al.: Heritage Science 2013 1:2) The Rácz et al. paper identified three historical periods of the Árpád Dynasty from chemical data. The aim of the present study is to test whether the classification could be further refined by marker object projection aided classification. It offers an example of the efficiency of this method in unscrambling a classinside- class situation. The frequency distribution of concentrations of the coins are skewed and to a certain extent bi- modal, and the arithmetic mean value and standard deviation around the mean frequently used in parametric methods may be poor descriptors of the information carried by the data. We test a combination of principal components decomposition and the nonparametric, non-iterative object target rotation method to overcome some of the theoretical limitations of parametric methods. This test includes identification of archetypical class ―Ambassadors‖ of each of the three historical periods of the Árpád Dynasty and shows a class-inside-class situation.

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