The White Internationale : Post-World-War Hungarian–German-Austrian Attempts of Military Cooperation, 1919–1923

Kántás, Balázs (2022) The White Internationale : Post-World-War Hungarian–German-Austrian Attempts of Military Cooperation, 1919–1923. Horthy-korszak Történetének Kutatásáért Társaság = Society for the Research of the Horthy-Era, Budapest. ISBN 978-615-6250-38-4

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Abstract

After the signing of the Peace Treaty of Versailles, some politicians of the defeated states, mainly those in Germany and in the successor states of the disintegrated Austro–Hungarian monarchy were very unsatisfied with the defeat and the considerable territorial losses, and sought the possibility of revision, including the help of possible allies. From 1919 onwards, Hungary’s new right-wing political leadership continued to actively seek contacts with German-speaking, mainly Bavarian and Austrian radical right-wing political forces and their associated paramilitary formations. On the Bavarian side, General Erich Ludendorff, Colonel Max Bauer and the then young and emerging far-right politician Adolf Hitler attempted to set up an international revisionist organisation at the end of 1919. The German radical right-wing politicians would have seen the possibility of changing the political situation mainly in the coalition of the Free Corpses, which were very numerous in both Germany and Austria and mainly consisted of First World War veterans. The plan envisaged by General Ludendorff would have consisted of an agreement between the Bavarian-German Free Corpses, the Austrian radical right-wing militias and the leaders of the right-wing counter-revolutionary Government. The present short monograph makes an attempt to explore the history of the Bavarian–Austrian–Hungarian secret negotiations the aim of which would have been a Central European military association against the Entente powers called the White Internationale, which, of course, was never realised due to the international political situations.

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