A primer Sjögren-szindróma pszichológiai vonatkozásai = Psychological features of primary Sjogren syndrome

Módis, László and Szántó, Antónia and Bugán, Antal (2021) A primer Sjögren-szindróma pszichológiai vonatkozásai = Psychological features of primary Sjogren syndrome. ORVOSI HETILAP, 162 (39). pp. 1558-1566. ISSN 0030-6002

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Abstract

Primary Sjogren syndrome (pSS) is a chronic, autoimmune disorder. Primary symptoms are ocular and oral dryness as a of an autoimmune process affecting the exocrine glands. The most common systemic manifestations of the disease are mental and physical fatigue and arthralgia. Psychological features of pSS are studied with great interest; the present publication reviews the results of the related investigations alongside with the possible psychoneuroim-munomodulatory background. Among psychological factors in pSS, depression and anxiety have been studied the longest. These impact significantly the quality of life, wellbeing, cognitive functions and disease activity of the patients. Afterwards, we introduce the characteristic patterns of stress and coping mechanisms in pSS, among which maladaptive strategies, typical for the disorder are the most important regarding the pathogenesis and the therapy. These pSS-linked maladaptive strategies are denial, disengagement and focus and venting of emotions. As next, we give a summary about personality characteristics in pSS, which is a promising field to study, and yet very few related data are available; based on them, neuroticism seems to be the most common personality factor in Sjogren's. After summarizing briefly cognitive functions and other psychological features (mental fatigue, sexuality, body image disturbance and quality of life), it is evident that pSS is determined not only by biological but also by psychological, psychosocial and social disturbances. Hence, treating pSS patients with a biopsychosocial perspective is crucial and so is the active and intentional participation of patients in their recovery.

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