In vitro fracture resistance of molar teeth restored with a short fibre-reinforced composite material

Fráter, Márk and Forster, András and Keresztúri, Márk and Braunitzer, Gábor and Nagy, Katalin (2014) In vitro fracture resistance of molar teeth restored with a short fibre-reinforced composite material. JOURNAL OF DENTISTRY, 42 (9). pp. 1143-1150. ISSN 0300-5712

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Abstract

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the efficiency of a short fiber-reinforced composite (SFRC) material compared to conventional composites when restoring class II. MOD cavities in molar teeth with different layering techniques. METHODS: One hundred and thirty mandibular third molars were divided into 5 groups (n=26). Except for the control group (intact teeth), in all other groups MOD cavities were prepared. The cavities were restored by either conventional composite with horizontal and oblique layering or by SFRC with horizontal and oblique layering. The specimens were submitted to static fracture toughness test. Fracture thresholds and fracture patterns were evaluated. RESULTS: In general, no statistically significant difference was found in fracture toughness between the study groups,except for horizontally layered conventional composite restorations, which turned out to be significantly weaker than controls. However, SFRC yielded noticeably higher fracture thresholds and only obliquely applied SFRC restorations exhibited favorable fracture patterns above chance level. CONCLUSION: The application of SFRC did not lead to a statistically significant improvement of the fracture toughness of molar teeth with MOD cavities. Still, SFRC applied in oblique increments measurably reduces the chance of unrestorable fractures of molar teeth with class II MOD cavities. SIGNIFICANCE: The restoration of severely weakened molar teeth with the use of SFRC combined with composite might have advantages over conventional composites alone. It was observed from the statistical data, that the application of SFRC with an oblique layering technique yielded not significantly but better fracture thresholds and more favorable fracture patterns than any other studied material/technique combination. Thus further investigations need to be carried out, to investigate the possible positive mechanical effects of SFRC. The application of the horizontal layering technique with conventional composite materials is inferior to the oblique technique and SFRC materials.

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