Morphological and microsatellite markers assessment of rice genetic diversity for phosphorus starvation tolerance breeding

Nirubana, V. and Vanniarajan, C. and Banumathy, S. and Aananthi, N. and Thiyageshwari, S. and Ramalingam, J. (2020) Morphological and microsatellite markers assessment of rice genetic diversity for phosphorus starvation tolerance breeding. CEREAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS, 48 (3). pp. 255-265. ISSN 0133-3720 (print), 1788-9170 (online)

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Abstract

Rice is an important food crop with high agronomic and nutritional importance, and it is widely cultivated in tropical and temperate regions of the world. India is one of the centres of diversity in rice, and indigenous germplasms can be used to expand the genetic base of cultivated rice. The objective of this study is to determine the extent of genetic diversity among 30 rice genotypes by using 10 morphological traits and 24 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. A large variability was observed for morphological traits such as plant height (78.00–157.10 cm), number of tillers per plant (8.00–23.67), number of productive tillers per plant (5.83–20.17), shoot phosphorus content (0.054–0.254 mg/g), grain phosphorus content (0.163–0.392 mg/g) and single plant yield (9.59–38.15 g). A total of 101 alleles were produced from 24 SSRs with an average of 4.21 alleles per SSR. The polymorphism information content (PIC) values of SSR markers ranged from 0.238 to 0.799, with an average of 0.607. Further, cluster analysis based on the SSR data grouped 30 genotypes into three major and seven sub-clusters. Among them, cluster II A had the highest value for shoot phosphorus content (ADT 37 and MDU 5) and cluster I B had both shoot (IR 64 Pup 1) and grain phosphorus content (ASD 16). In summary, genotype data obtained by SSR markers together with morphological characterization of 30 selected rice genotypes in India unveiled the diversity among the rice genotypes and their potential use for phosphorus starvation tolerance breeding programmes.

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