Light Curves of a Shock-breakout Material and a Relativistic Off-axis Jet from a Binary Neutron Star System

Fraija, N. and Pedreira, ACCS and Veres, Péter (2019) Light Curves of a Shock-breakout Material and a Relativistic Off-axis Jet from a Binary Neutron Star System. ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL, 871 (2). ISSN 1538-4357

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Abstract

Binary neutron star mergers are believed to eject significant masses with a diverse range of velocities. Once these ejected materials begi to be decelerated by a homogeneous medium, relativistic electrons ar mainly cooled down by synchrotron radiation, generating multiwavelength long-lived afterglow. Analytic and numerical method illustrate that the outermost matter, the merger shock-breakou material, can be parametrized by power-law velocity distribution $\\propto \\left(\\beta_{\\rm c}\\Gamma \\right)^{-\\alpha_s}$. Considerin that the shock-breakout material is moving on-axis towards the observe and the relativistic jet off-axis, we compute the light curves durin the relativistic and the lateral expansion phase. As a particular case we successfully describe the X-ray, optical and radio light curve alongside the spectral energy distribution from the recently discovere gravitational-wave transient GW170817, when the merger shock-breakou material moves with mildly relativistic velocities near-Newtonian phas and the jet with relativistic velocities. Future electromagneti counterpart observations of this binary system could be able to evaluat different properties of these light curves.

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