Assessment of genetic diversity and development of core germplasm in durum wheat using agronomic and grain quality traits

Ambati, Divya and Phuke, Rahul M. and Vani, V. and Sai Prasad, S. V. and Singh, Jang Bahadur and Patidar, Chandra Prakash and Malviya, Prakash and Gautam, Amit and Dubey, Vijay G. (2020) Assessment of genetic diversity and development of core germplasm in durum wheat using agronomic and grain quality traits. CEREAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS, 48 (3). pp. 375-382. ISSN 0133-3720 (print), 1788-9170 (online)

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Abstract

Genetic resources are the fundamental source of diversity to plant breeders for improvement of desired traits. However, large germplasm set is difcult to preserve and use as working collection in genetic studies, hence in the present study evaluation of genetic diversity of 604 durum germplasm originated from diferent geographical areas and development of core collection for representation of diverse germplasm for working collection was done. Six hundred and four durum germplasm were sown in augmented design and data were recorded for eight quantitative characters including agronomic and grain quality traits. Descriptive statistics showed large variation for all studied traits. Box plot analysis for nine diferent sets of germplasm showed a large variation for agronomic traits and quality traits. Principal component analysis for the frst four principal components explained 71% of the cumulative variation and grouped germplasm in the main two groups. The core germplasm set was developed using corehunter package with 10% cutof and hence 60 germplasm entries make representation in core subset based on maximum diversity and minimum redundancy. The maximum contribution to core germplasm was by each CZ (Central Zone) breeding lines and D numbers (23%) followed by exotic other lines (20%). The developed core subset was validated using multivariate analysis such as Shannon diversity index, comparison of means and homogeneity of error variances using the Levene’s test. The results described in this study will be useful for durum wheat breeders for the development of varieties with high end-use quality.

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