Scaling Properties of the Mean Multiplicity and Pseudorapidity Density in e+e-, e+p, p+p, p+A and A+A(B) Collisions

Lacey, R. and Liu, P.F. and Magdy, N. and Csanád, Máté and Schweid, B. (2018) Scaling Properties of the Mean Multiplicity and Pseudorapidity Density in e+e-, e+p, p+p, p+A and A+A(B) Collisions. UNIVERSE, 4 (1). ISSN 2218-1997

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Abstract

The charged-particle pseudorapidity density (dN(ch)/d eta) for p((p) over bar)+p, p+A and A+A(B) collisions and the mean multiplicity < N-ch > for e(-)+e(+), e(+/-)+p, and p((p) over bar)+p collisions are studied for a wide range of beam energies (root s). Characteristic scaling patterns are observed for both dN(ch)/d eta and < N-ch >, consistent with a thermal particle production mechanism for the bulk of the soft particles created in all of these systems. The scaling patterns found also validate an essential role for quark participants in these collisions. The measured values for dN(ch)/d eta and < N-ch > are observed to factorize into contributions that depend on log (root s) and the number of nucleon or quark participant pairs N-pp. The quantification of these contributions gives expressions that serve to systematize dN(ch)/d eta and < N-ch > measurements spanning nearly 4 orders of magnitude in root s and to predict their values as a function of root s and N-pp.

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