Livestock breeding for welfare, adaptation and sustainability: an overview of the novel traits and breeding concerns in sheep, dairy, beef and poultry

Wanjala, George and Astuti, Putri Kusuma and Bagi, Zoltán and Strausz, Péter and Kusza, Szilvia (2023) Livestock breeding for welfare, adaptation and sustainability: an overview of the novel traits and breeding concerns in sheep, dairy, beef and poultry. ÁLLATTENYÉSZTÉS ÉS TAKARMÁNYOZÁS, 72 (1). pp. 1-21. ISSN 0230-1814

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Abstract

The principal goal of an animal breeder is to produce the next generation of progeny that has superior performance than the average of the parent population. Previously, genetic selection for traits to be improved emphasized functional traits of economic value. However, little attention was given to sustainability principles or breeding for sustainability (environmental sustainability, animal welfare, and consumer preferences). Thus, the current concerns on principles of sustainability have necessitated breeders to incorporate novel traits into the breeding program. Most of these novel traits have low heritability, and in some cases, they correlate with traits that compromise with the principle of breeding for sustainability. Therefore, using breeding techniques provides an opportunity for enhanced genetic gain in traits of interest as well as difficult to measure traits.This literature review provides an overview of sustainable animal breeding, strategies, and the current concerns by discussing market trends of livestock products, new considerations and traits for sustainable animal breeding or novel traits, new techniques in animal breeding, and genetic diversity in domestic animals focusing on selected animals including sheep, dairy, beef, and chicken breeding. Understanding animal breeding trends, the potential market structure for animal products, new technologies in animal breeding, and consumer concerns help in developing a sustainable farm animal breeding program to meet an ever-increasing food security demand.

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