Use of kernel dorsal basal pigmentation in the absence of crown pigmentation for haploid classification in maize using R1-nj-based haploid inducers

Khulbe, R. K. and Pattanayak, A. and Panday, Vivek and Sharma, Devender (2022) Use of kernel dorsal basal pigmentation in the absence of crown pigmentation for haploid classification in maize using R1-nj-based haploid inducers. CEREAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS, 50 (4). pp. 1165-1171. ISSN 0133-3720 (print), 1788-9170 (online)

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Abstract

Doubled haploid (DH) technology is growingly becoming an integral component of maize breeding programmes worldwide. The currently popular method of DH production employs R1-nj-based haploid inducers lines (HILs) that enable segregation of induction cross seed into haploids and diploids based on anthocyanin pigmentation on kernel endosperm and scutellum. However, the presence of anthocyanin inhibitor gene/s in the source germplasm may cause weak or absence of anthocyanin pigmentation on the kernel endosperm and/or scutellum, which limits the use of this method by precluding distinction between true haploid seed and selfed/out-crossed seed. In induction crosses between R1-nj-based haploid inducer TAILP1 and a hybrid CMVL 55 and its female parent V 405 (the F1 seeds of both of which express scutellum anthocyanin pigmentation, but kernel crown pigmentation is absent), classification of seed was attempted on the basis of kernel dorsal basal pigmentation and scutellum pigmentation. The ploidy status of the classified seed was determined using the ‘gold standard’ method in the field. The efficiency of haploid classification (as assessed by false discovery rate) using the combination of scutellum pigmentation and dorsal basal pigmentation was found to be 83.41%. The results suggested that kernel dorsal basal pigmentation may be used as a marker for seed classification in induction crosses where scutellum pigmentation is present, but kernel crown pigmentation is absent. However, assessing this marker’s efficiency in a larger germplasm set would be required for its adoption for regular use in induction cross seed classification.

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