Gait analysis using physical examination and digital techniques

Koppány, Zsombor Csaba and Marosi, Márk and Guzi, Barbara (2023) Gait analysis using physical examination and digital techniques. EGÉSZSÉGTUDOMÁNYI KÖZLEMÉNYEK, 13 (1). pp. 54-63. ISSN 2063-2142 (In Press)

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Abstract

Gait examination is an important component of the patient assessment prior to movement therapy. With the advancement of video technology and computer science, digital analysis of gait has become possible. This research aims to physically examine gait and analyze video recordings using dedicated software. A voluntary group of 10 individuals diagnosed with coxarthrosis or gonarthrosis constituted the study group, while the control group comprised 10 individuals without lower limb musculoskeletal disorders. The mean age of the study group was 57 ±4.03 years, and the mean age of the control group was 54.2 ±3.16 years. The research involved conducting physical examinations of gait and recording walking sessions with body markers. The software facilitated the presentation of marker displacements on diagrams in both vertical and horizontal planes. Visual analysis and a two-sample t-test were employed. The physical musculoskeletal examination successfully identified causes of claudication. Significant differences were observed between the two groups across all kinematic gait indicators. The mean stance width in the test group was 17.65 ±3.09 cm, while the control group averaged 8.75 ±1.23 cm (p < 0.001). The walking speed, assessed using a two-sample t-test, also yielded a significant difference (p < 0.001). Key diagrams representing the groups during functional analysis were presented. Visual analysis revealed distinct variations in marker frequency and vertical and horizontal displacements between the groups. The study group exhibited notable deviations in the displacement diagrams on the affected side of the body. The average of the maximum and minimum points on the charts demonstrated a significant difference between the groups in terms of body displacement. The identified differences in gait between the two groups align with the results of the physical examination. The graphical representation of disparities in body displacement between the two halves of the body in the study group indicates the future potential of digital gait analysis for practical applications and monitoring the effectiveness of physiotherapy.

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