How are the Residents of the World's Largest Economies Taxed?

Ngamba, Divin Eyir and Malatyinszki, Szilárd and Kálmán, Botond Géza (2023) How are the Residents of the World's Largest Economies Taxed? In: XV. Pécsi Pénzügyi Napok : I. Pénzügy és Számvitel Nemzetközi Tudományos Konferencia = XV. Finance Days in Pécs : I. Finance and Accounting International Scientific Conference. Pécsi Tudományegyetem Közgazdaságtudományi Kar, Pécs, pp. 140-150. ISBN 978-963-626-211-2

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Abstract

Purpose: Paying taxes is part of all of our lives. However, the phenomenon of tax evasion is not uncommon either. Therefore, each country makes its own rules to prevent tax evasion, whatever tax system it uses. The purpose of this work is to assess how the tax evasion issue is regulated in the examined countries, which are among the largest economies in the world. Methodology: We selected our data from the publicly available reports of the Deloitte company. The selection of countries therefore enables comparisons from several perspectives. The data were analysed using the results of further research available in the literature. We were primarily interested in the similarities and differences between the examined countries. Results: the examined countries regulate basically similar topics. They pay a lot of attention, for example, to the issue of transfer pricing and affiliated enterprises. However, the specific regulation sometimes shows significant differences. There are states that have adapted the OECD (Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development) anti-tax evasion rules into their domestic anti-tax evasion law. Other states combat the problem with special rules unique to them. Some of the differences are of historical and cultural origin: this is clearly demonstrated by China and Japan. Several groups can also be separated based on the general regulations against tax evasion. Conclusions: the willingness to avoid taxes is more or less characteristic of all companies and individuals. However, the actual tax evasion is fundamentally influenced by the applicable tax legislation. Getting to know and comparing the various regulations is also an opportunity for tax professionals and legislators from other countries, showing examples of methods to fight against tax evasion that should be followed or even avoided.

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