Diversity of gene expression responses to light quality in barley

Rodríguez del Río, Álvaro and Monteagudo, Arantxa and Contreras-Moreira, Bruno and Kiss, Tibor and Mayer, Marianna and Karsai, Ildikó and Igartua, Ernesto and Casas, Ana M. (2023) Diversity of gene expression responses to light quality in barley. Scientific Reports, 13 (1). No. 17143. ISSN 2045-2322

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Abstract

Light quality infuence on barley development is poorly understood. We exposed three barley genotypes with either sensitive or insensitive response to two light sources producing diferent light spectra, fuorescent bulbs, and metal halide lamps, keeping constant light intensity, duration, and temperature. Through RNA-seq, we identifed the main genes and pathways involved in the genotypic responses. A frst analysis identifed genotypic diferences in gene expression of development-related genes, including photoreceptors and fowering time genes. Genes from the vernalization pathway of light quality-sensitive genotypes were afected by fuorescent light. In particular, vernalizationrelated repressors reacted diferently: HvVRN2 did not experience relevant changes, whereas HvOS2 expression increased under fuorescent light. To identify the genes primarily related to light quality responses, and avoid the confounding efect of plant developmental stage, genes infuenced by development were masked in a second analysis. Quantitative expression levels of PPD-H1, which infuenced HvVRN1 and HvFT1, explained genotypic diferences in development. Upstream mechanisms (light signaling and circadian clock) were also altered, but no specifc genes linking photoreceptors and the photoperiod pathway were identifed. The variety of light-quality sensitivities reveals the presence of possible mechanisms of adaptation of winter and facultative barley to latitudinal variation in light quality, which deserves further research.

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