Molecular profiles of small cell lung cancer subtypes: Therapeutic implications

Schwendenwein, Anna and Megyesfalvi, Zsolt and Barany, Nandor and Valko, Zsuzsanna and Bugyik, Edina and Lang, Christian and Ferencz, Bence and Paku, Sandor and Lantos, Andras and Fillinger, Janos and Rezeli, Melinda and Marko-Varga, Gyorgy and Bogos, Krisztina and Galffy, Gabriella and Renyi-Vamos, Ferenc and Hoda, Mir Alireza and Klepetko, Walter and Hoetzenecker, Konrad and Laszlo, Viktoria and Dome, Balazs (2021) Molecular profiles of small cell lung cancer subtypes: Therapeutic implications. Molecular Therapy - Oncolytics, 20. pp. 470-483. ISSN 23727705

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Abstract

Small cell lung cancer (SCLC; accounting for approximately 13%–15% of all lung cancers) is an exceptionally lethal malignancy characterized by rapid doubling time and high propensity to metastasize. In contrast to the increasingly personalized therapies in other types of lung cancer, SCLC is still regarded as a homogeneous disease and the prognosis of SCLC patients remains poor. Recently, however, substantial progress has been made in our understanding of SCLC biology. Advances in genomics and development of new preclinical models have facilitated insights into the intratumoral heterogeneity and specific genetic alterations of this disease. This worldwide resurgence of studies on SCLC has ultimately led to the development of novel subtype-specific classifications primarily based on the neuroendocrine features and distinct molecular profiles of SCLC. Importantly, these biologically distinct subtypes might define unique therapeutic vulnerabilities. Herein, we summarize the current knowledge on the molecular profiles of SCLC subtypes with a focus on their potential clinical implications.

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