Effects of carbon‐based nanoparticles on the properties of poly(lactic acid) hybrid composites containing basalt fibers and carbon‐based nanoparticles processed by injection molding

Juhász, Zsolt and Pinke, Balázs and Gonda, Bence and Mészáros, László (2024) Effects of carbon‐based nanoparticles on the properties of poly(lactic acid) hybrid composites containing basalt fibers and carbon‐based nanoparticles processed by injection molding. POLYMER ENGINEERING & SCIENCE, 64 (6). pp. 2491-2500. ISSN 0032-3888

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Abstract

In this study, we developed composites with a poly(lactic acid) matrix and reinforced with basalt fiber, carbon-based nanoparticles (carbon nanotube [CNT] and expanded graphene [GNP]), and both basalt fiber and nanoparticles (hybrid composites). The composites were produced by extrusion, and then tensile specimens were injection molded from the composites. The hybrid composites exhibited enhanced mechanical properties. The reinforcing materials increased crystallinity; this was more pronounced for hybrid composites. We experienced significant increase in the glass transition temperature, which proves the better interaction between the reinforcing and the matrix phases. Dynamic mechanical thermal analysis showed that the nanoparticles increased the storage modulus both alone and in combination with basalt fibers. Furthermore, the basalt fiber-reinforced composites and hybrids exhibited significant modulus above the glass transition temperature. Based on scanning electron microscopy images of the fracture surfaces, we concluded that adding basalt fibers during compounding resulted in better dispersion of the nanoparticles.

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