Sejtmagi és mitokondriális genetikai markerek tesztelése hazai muflonokban (Ovis aries musimon) = Examination of nuclear and mitochondrial genetic markers in mouflons (Ovis aries musimon) in Hungary

Zorkóczy, Orsolya Krisztina and Bujtor, Zsófia and Wagenhoffer, Zsombor and Lehotzky, Pál and Zenke, Petra (2024) Sejtmagi és mitokondriális genetikai markerek tesztelése hazai muflonokban (Ovis aries musimon) = Examination of nuclear and mitochondrial genetic markers in mouflons (Ovis aries musimon) in Hungary. MAGYAR ÁLLATORVOSOK LAPJA, 146 (10). pp. 615-624. ISSN 0025-004X

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Abstract

Az európai muflon (Ovis aries musimon) hazánkban csaknem 13 ezres állománnyal rendelkezik és jelentős vadgazdálkodási értéket képvisel. Mivel az itt élő muflonok genetikai vizsgálatáról nem áll rendelkezésre adat, a szerzők különböző, megbízhatóan tipizálható markertípus alkalmazhatóságának felmérését tűzték ki célul. A kutatáshoz 80 darab, a Cevidae családjából származó tetramer szerkezetű nukleáris mikroszatellita-markert teszteltek, ill. szekvenálták a mitokondriális kontrollrégiót. Tíz egyed vizsgálata alapján három polimorf mikroszatellita-lokuszt és egy haplotípust kaptak, amely alapján a vizsgált magyarországi állomány vélhetően kicsi genetikai diverzitással rendelkezik. | Background: The European mouflon (Ovis aries musimon) boasts a population of almost 13,000 in Hungary and holds significant value in game management due to its game meat and horn trophies. Since there is no data on genetic investigations of the mouflons in this region, the authors initiated this survey to test the usability of various markers. Objectives: The authors aim to evaluate cross-specific (Cevidae) tetranucleotide microsatellite markers capable of monitoring diversity and individual identification. Additionally, they plan to assess maternal lineage diversity based on the mitochondrial control region sequence. Materials and Methods: In this preliminary study, the authors examined ten mouflon individuals from the Pilis mountain region. The tested 80 tetranucleotide microsatellites originating from the suborder Ruminantia. Published PCR protocols were available for all markers in the original species, which were adapted and optimized for mouflon samples. Subsequently, these PCR fragments were analyzed by capillary electrophoresis, and polymorphic markers were identified. Regarding the mitochondrial marker, the sequence of almost the entire control region was determined using the Sanger method using primers previously described in sheep. Results and Discussion: Only 20 microsatellite markers provided PCR products of sufficient quality and quantity, resulting in the detection of three polymorphic markers with two alleles each. Regarding the mitochondrial control region, only one haplotype was identified. Our pilot study demonstrates the feasibility of cross-species markers and their primers in mouflon. Consistent with other international research on the species, our results suggest a potential low genetic variation in the Hungarian population, likely due to a genetic bottleneck, founder effect, and inbreeding. Given the limited number of polymorphic markers and allele polymorphism, the current set should be supplemented with more polymorphic markers from closely related species, and testing of mouflon samples from different regions is important.

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