Az internet- és médiaszabályozás kihívásai a terrorizmus, valamint a hibrid fenyegetések elleni európai fellépés tükrében

Farkas, Ádám and Papp, János Tamás (2024) Az internet- és médiaszabályozás kihívásai a terrorizmus, valamint a hibrid fenyegetések elleni európai fellépés tükrében. JOG ÁLLAM POLITIKA: JOG- ÉS POLITIKATUDOMÁNYI FOLYÓIRAT, 16 (3). pp. 229-248. ISSN 2060-4580

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Abstract

This paper examines the rise of cyber threats and the manipulation of public consciousness through information, as well as the role of the media in these dynamics. The resurgence of international terrorism, highlighted by ISIS’s online presence and sophisticated use of media, underscores the pivotal role of the internet and media platforms in modern non-traditional security threats. Furthermore, technological advancements have reshaped state rivalries, elevating the role of non-military factors in global security. Consequently, hybrid threats have become increasingly significant in the 21st century, blending conventional and unconventional methods, often overlapping with terrorist propaganda and online extremist content. The media, as both a tool and target of hybrid threats, plays a critical role in the dissemination of information and the shaping of public opinion, making it vulnerable to manipulation through tactics such as disinformation campaigns, cyberattacks, and algorithmic exploitation on social media platforms. This paper reviews the EU’s evolving regulatory framework, including measures to combat disinformation, enhance media transparency, and protect democratic processes from manipulation. The study highlights key initiatives, such as the Digital Services Act (DSA) and the Terrorist Content Regulation (TERREG), which aim to strengthen media resilience against hybrid threats while balancing the protection of fundamental rights like freedom of expression.

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