„Illik-e a magyarhoz csalfa kereskedés?” A bécsi udvar kereskedelemügyi reformtervei és a magyar rendek az 1764–1765. évi országgyűlésen = „Is fraudulent trading appropriate for hungarians?” the trade reform plans of the Habsburg court and the hungarian estates at the diet of 1764–1765

Nagy, János (2024) „Illik-e a magyarhoz csalfa kereskedés?” A bécsi udvar kereskedelemügyi reformtervei és a magyar rendek az 1764–1765. évi országgyűlésen = „Is fraudulent trading appropriate for hungarians?” the trade reform plans of the Habsburg court and the hungarian estates at the diet of 1764–1765. In: A rang kötelez : Rendi és rendies magatartásformák a középkortól a 20. századig. Eszterházy Károly Katolikus Egyetem Líceum Kiadó, Eger, pp. 281-300.

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Abstract

In this paper, I examine the plans and negotiation strategies of the representatives of the Habsburg administration to win over the Hungarian orders by adapting future reforms to the specific Hungarian conditions on the Diet of 1764–1765. Queen Maria Theresa tried to get the Diet to accept a program for the development of commerce, transport, industry and agriculture based on mercantilist principles. This took into account the self-interest of the nobility to a certain extent, but overall, it gave priority to increasing the revenues of the treasury and the economic needs of the Austrian hereditary provinces. The proposals on economic development could have formed the basis for a compromise in the Diet, but on the issues of tax increases, the questions concerning the general levy of the nobility and the urbarial regulations the Hungarian nobility took a defiant position, which put an end to further constructive negotiations in the Diet. In contrast to the negative developments in the Diet, a slow change in mentality can be observed among the political elite, which had been considered anti-capitalist by earlier historiography. Among the visible signs of this were the proliferation of manufactories founded by Hungarian aristocrats and noblemen in the 1760s and the increased interest of the Hungarian and Croatian nobility for the schools teaching cameralism established at this time.

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