Distribution, geochemical fractionation and sorption of Cu and Pb in soils characteristic of Hungary

Sipos, Péter and Németh, Tibor and Choi, Chung and Szalai, Zoltán and Balázs, Réka (2014) Distribution, geochemical fractionation and sorption of Cu and Pb in soils characteristic of Hungary. CENTRAL EUROPEAN GEOLOGY, 57 (3). pp. 265-285. ISSN 1788-2281

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Abstract

Distribution and sorption characteristics of trace metals in soils are essential to know because of their importance both from agricultural and environmental point of view. In this paper, an overview will be provided on the relationship between Cu and Pb behavior and sorption properties as well as major soil characteristics based on the results obtained by several independent research projects carried out on this field at the Institute for Geological and Geochemical Research in the last 15 years. These projects were accomplished using methods with different approaches, e.g. studying metal characteristics by total metal content, selective chemical extractions and batch sorption experiments. Our results show that both metals can be found primarily in form of highly resistant phases to weathering in soils. However, if they are mobilized, they are easily and strongly immobilized by soils rich in organic matter with higher affinity for Cu than for Pb. In acid soils, however, the leaching of Cu is expected to be higher from such horizons when compared to Pb, especially when iron oxides are also present in these horizons which immobilize Pb preferentially. In mineral horizons, the close association of Pb and iron oxides can be still expected, whereas Cu prefers to be bound both by clay minerals and iron oxides. In alkaline soils, however, precipitation of both metals as carbonates is a general feature. Our results obtained through different approaches presented in this paper were found to be effectively complementary for each other providing much deeper insight into soil-metal interaction than when they are used independently.

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