Differential cortical layer engagement during seizure initiation and spread in humans

Bourdillon, Pierre and Ren, Liankun and Halgren, Mila and Paulk, Angelique C and Salami, Pariya and Ulbert, István and Fabó, Dániel and King, Jean-Rémi and Sjoberg, Kane M and Eskandar, Emad N and Madsen, Joseph R and Halgren, Eric and Cash, Sydney S (2024) Differential cortical layer engagement during seizure initiation and spread in humans. NATURE COMMUNICATIONS, 15 (1). ISSN 2041-1723

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Abstract

Despite decades of research, we still do not understand how spontaneous human seizures start and spread - especially at the level of neuronal microcircuits. In this study, we used laminar arrays of micro-electrodes to simultaneously record the local field potentials and multi-unit neural activities across the six layers of the neocortex during focal seizures in humans. We found that, within the ictal onset zone, the discharges generated during a seizure consisted of current sinks and sources only within the infra-granular and granular layers. Outside of the seizure onset zone, ictal discharges reflected current flow in the supra-granular layers. Interestingly, these patterns of current flow evolved during the course of the seizure - especially outside the seizure onset zone where superficial sinks and sources extended into the deeper layers. Based on these observations, a framework describing cortical-cortical dynamics of seizures is proposed with implications for seizure localization, surgical targeting, and neuromodulation techniques to block the generation and propagation of seizures.

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