Histopathological and IHC evaluation of malignant non-pigmented chromatophoroma in a savannah monitor (Varanus exanthematicus)

Durska, Marta and Mikiewicz, Mateusz and Paździor-Czapula, Katarzyna and Gesek, Michał and Otrocka-Domagała, Iwona (2025) Histopathological and IHC evaluation of malignant non-pigmented chromatophoroma in a savannah monitor (Varanus exanthematicus). ACTA VETERINARIA HUNGARICA, 73 (2). pp. 97-103. ISSN 0236-6290

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Abstract

Chromatophoromas are neoplasms arising from pigment cells (chromatophores) and commonly manifest as cutaneous lesions. While brown to black melanophoromas are most prevalent in reptiles, sporadic cases of non-pigmented chromatophoromas have been reported. This case study documents the clinical presentation, histopathological features and IHC (IHC) profile of an oral non-pigmented chromatophoroma in a 13-year-old male savannah monitor (Varanus exanthematicus). Histopathological examination revealed a poorly demarcated tumour located in the mucosa. Non-pigmented neoplastic cells with marked anisocytosis, anisokaryosis, increased nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio and numerous mitotic figures formed solid packets separated by collagenous septa. IHC analysis revealed that tumour cells were positive to melan-A, S100 protein, neuron-specific enolase and cytokeratins AE1/ AE3. Based on the histopathological and IHC findings, the tumour was diagnosed as a non-pigmented chromatophoroma. Detailed histopathological and IHC profiling enhances our comprehension of the diversity within chromatophoromas and underscores the diagnostic complexities involved. Immunohistochemistry is a crucial tool for identifying non-pigmented chromatophoromas.

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