Mechanical and environmental assessment of mortars with high coal-bottom ash replacement from local industry

Gómez-Pérez, Juan F. and Rugeles, Daniela López and Arango Arroyave, Jesús S. and Agudelo, Harlem Acevedo and Sápi, András and Kónya, Zoltán (2025) Mechanical and environmental assessment of mortars with high coal-bottom ash replacement from local industry. CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS, 482. No. 141696. ISSN 0950-0618

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Abstract

Here, we evaluate the replacement of Portland cement in mortars with coal bottom ash waste from the local industry. We replaced up to 45 % of the cement in the mortars and obtained a compressive strength of 34.5 and 22.7 MPa at 28 days for 5 % and 45 % replacement, respectively. Simultaneously, we report the flow spread variations during the specimen preparation and relate those results to the chemical characterization by DRIFT, Raman, XRD, XRF, and SEM-EDS to demonstrate the formation of aluminosilicate gels. Finally, we present a Life Cycle Assessment for the materials obtained and demonstrate a reduction in CO2 equivalent emissions of up to 34 % due to 45 % OPC substitution. The additional materials processing and transportation for the highly replaced mortars contribute up to 9 % of the emissions. All these results while retaining the material feasibility for heavy loads, retaining walls, or driveway mortar applications.

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