Galata, Dorián László and Péterfi, Orsolya and Ficzere, Máté and Szabó, Bence and Szabó, Edina and Nagy, Zsombor Kristóf (2025) The current state-of-the art in pharmaceutical continuous film coating – A review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS, 669. No. 125052. ISSN 0378-5173
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Abstract
In this decade, one of the major trends in the pharmaceutical industry is the adoption of continuous manufacturing. This requires the development of continuous equivalents of essential pharmaceutical processes such as film coating. The process of film coating is the last step of the processing of solid dosage forms and is critical because it determines the visual appearance of the end product, along with ensuring its stability and possibly even defining the rate of drug release. Several manufacturers advertise continuous solutions for film coating, these include semi-continuous and fully continuous appliances. State-of-the-art continuous coaters can match the throughput of continuous manufacturing lines, because largest appliances have a capacity of 1200–1500 kg/h. The paper also describes the main challenges related to continuous film coating including waste production at the beginning and end of the process and the problem caused by elastic recovery of the tablets when film coating is performed immediately after tablet compression. Lastly, we give an overview of the in-line sensors that can be used to monitor the quality of the film coated tablets, enabling real-time quality control of the process. Near-infrared and Raman spectroscopy can measure the mass gain of the tablets, while terahertz pulsed imaging and optical coherence tomography enable coating thickness measurement of individual tablets and even the characterization of intra-tablet coating thickness variability. UV imaging and machine vision can also measure coating thickness, and they are also excellent for detecting tablets with defective coating.
| Item Type: | Article |
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| Additional Information: | Export Date: 20 December 2024 CODEN: IJPHD Correspondence Address: Galata, D.L.; Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Műegyetem rkp. 3., Hungary; email: galata.dorian.laszlo@vbk.bme.hu Funding details: Budapesti Műszaki és Gazdaságtudományi Egyetem, BME Funding details: Magyar Tudományos Akadémia, MTA Funding details: Nemzeti Kutatási, Fejlesztési és Innovaciós Alap, NKFIA Funding details: Nemzeti Kutatási Fejlesztési és Innovációs Hivatal, NKFIH, EKÖP-24-3-BME-41, EKÖP-24-4-II-BME-44, EKÖP -24-3-BME-103 Funding details: Nemzeti Kutatási Fejlesztési és Innovációs Hivatal, NKFIH Funding details: 118/2023 Funding text 1: The project supported by the Doctoral Excellence Fellowship Programme (DCEP) is funded by the National Research Development and Innovation Fund of the Ministry of Culture and Innovation and the Budapest University of Technology and Economics, under a grant agreement with the National Research, Development and Innovation Office. This work was supported by the EK\\u00D6P-24-3-BME-41, EK\\u00D6P-24-3-BME-103 and EK\\u00D6P-24-4-II-BME-44 University Research Fellowship Programme of the Ministry for Culture and Innovation from the source of the National Research, Development and Innovation Fund. The research was supported by the Agency for Credits and Study Grants coordinated by the Romanian Ministry of National Education from the source of the research grant established through the Government Decision no. 118/2023. This paper was supported by the J\\u00E1nos Bolyai Research Scholarship of the Hungarian Academy of Science. |
| Subjects: | Q Science / természettudomány > QD Chemistry / kémia |
| SWORD Depositor: | MTMT SWORD |
| Depositing User: | MTMT SWORD |
| Date Deposited: | 23 Sep 2025 12:48 |
| Last Modified: | 23 Sep 2025 12:48 |
| URI: | https://real.mtak.hu/id/eprint/224968 |
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