Conquering diabetes by overcoming psychological barriers and embracing health

Őry, Fanni and Kiss, Botond László and Zsidó, András N. and Teleki, Szidalisz Ágnes (2024) Conquering diabetes by overcoming psychological barriers and embracing health. SCIENTIFIC REPORTS, 14. No. 32104. ISSN 2045-2322

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Abstract

Living with chronic conditions like diabetes mellitus (DM) or insulin resistance (IR) requires significant self-management, adding to daily life stressors. This stress, known as diabetes distress, along with health empowerment from proper diet and lifestyle, and motivation to eat healthily, greatly impacts quality of life and disease outcomes. Different patient subgroups (type 1 diabetic (T1DM), type 2 diabetic (T2DM), and insulin resistant (IR) individuals) face these challenges differently.This research aims to compare people with IR and DM to those without, and to compare IR,T1DM and T2DM subgroups on psychological factors. Data was collected via an online questionnaire from 746 participants (average age 37.5 years).Among them, 405 had IR (N=177) or DM (Type 1: N=116;Type 2: N=112), and 341 were controls. Results showed thatT2DM individuals scored lower than controls on Identified Regulation, InteroceptiveAwareness, and Search for Meaning in Life, while the IR group had higher body-mind disconnection.T1DM individuals experienced the highest emotional distress due to the disease but the lowest distress from regular check-ups compared toT2DM and IR groups. The gradient boosting classification model indicated that IR andT1DM groups are homogeneous, whereasT2DM is heterogeneous, with significant within-group variation in disease experience and management. Despite similarities in daily life challenges, significant differences exist in disease experience among the groups. Individual characteristics ofT2DM individuals further diversify their attitudes towards disease management.

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