A növényorvoslás szerepe az egészségmegőrzésben a "One Health” szemlélet tükrében = The role of the plant doctors from a “One Health” perspective

Takács, András Péter and Kazinczi, Gabriella (2025) A növényorvoslás szerepe az egészségmegőrzésben a "One Health” szemlélet tükrében = The role of the plant doctors from a “One Health” perspective. SCIENTIA ET SECURITAS, 6 (1-2). pp. 209-213. ISSN 3057-9759

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Abstract

Az egészséges élelmiszerek előállításának a világon mindenütt a hatékony és biztonságos növénytermesztés az alapja. Az élelmiszer-biztonság komoly kihívást jelent, és meglehetősen komplex folyamatában mind a humán egészségügyre, mind bolygónk egészséges állapotának megőrzésére tekintettel kell lennünk. Az integrált növényvédelmen keresztül a növényorvosok feladata a biztonságos és egészséges növényi termékek előállítása. Napjaink kihívásokkal teli, változó világában sokszor nehéz feladat ennek megfelelni, és komplex szemlélet kialakítása szükséges hozzá. A növényorvoslásban – a többi orvosi hivatáshoz hasonlóan – a megelőzésen (prevención) van a hangsúly, amelynek hatékony alkalmazásával többet elérhetünk, mint terapeutikus módszerekkel. | The basic principle for the production of healthy food everywhere in the world is the efficient and safe plant production. Food safety is a major challenge and in this rather complex process we must take into account both human health and the preservation of the healthy state of our planet. Through the integrated plant protection (including chemical and non-chemical ways also) the main task of the plant doctors is to produce safe and healthy plant products. In today’s challenging, changing world, meeting this requirement is often a difficult task and requires the development of a complex approach. In the plant medicine – similarly to that of other medical professions – the emphasis is on prevention. The effective application of which we can achieve more than with therapeutic methods. In terms of plant protection, toxins produced by phytopathogens (bacteria, fungi), toxic weeds (e.g. Datura, Agrostemma spp.) – or parts thereof – entering the food chain; as well as the improper use of pesticides – which result in concentrations above the health limit – can pose a threat to human and animal health in Hungary. The mode of action of pesticides, their degradation processes, and their environmental and health risks are examined in detail during their licensing. Integrated pest management (IPM), including chemical pest management, has a great importance not only for crop yield quality and quantity, but also for food safety. Although there is a general worldwide effort to reduce the proportion of chemical methods and to prioritize alternative, non-chemical processes (agrotechnical, physical, mechanical, biological methods, breeding), in certain cases the use of pesticides (when used properly) poses a much smaller threat and risk than, for example, the presence of toxin-producing fungi (species belong to Fusarium and Aspergillus genus), which are extremely dangerous from a human and animal health perspective. This problem deserves special attention today, despite the fact that resistance breeding has already achieved significant success in this area. As a conclusion, we can say that the professional, combined application of chemical (pesticides) and alternative, non-chemical methods of integrated plant protection – including pathogen resistance breeding, where relevant – is a guarantee of healthy food production. The professional “human resource” for this task is provided in the form of specialists with advanced plant protection qualifications, such as plant doctors and plant protection engineers.

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