Effect of powdery mildew infection on some physiological and molecular markers of wild type and hormone mutant barley plants

Rys, Magdalena and Saja-Garbarz, Diana and Fodor, József and Oliwa, Jakub and Gullner, Gábor and Juhász, Csilla and Kornaś, Andrzej and Skoczowski, Andrzej and Chrapek, Bogdan and Gruszka, Damian and Barna, Balázs and Janeczko, Anna (2025) Effect of powdery mildew infection on some physiological and molecular markers of wild type and hormone mutant barley plants. ACTA PHYTOPATHOLOGICA ET ENTOMOLOGICA HUNGARICA, 60 (2). pp. 107-125. ISSN 0238-1249

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Abstract

Physiological and molecular changes were investigated in barley hormone mutants after powdery mildew infection. Interactions between barley powdery mildew race A6 and barley cultivar Bowman, along with its various brassinosteroid hormone mutants (BW084, BW091, BW312, BW333, 828 and BW885) were all compatible. Fluorescence microscopy revealed strong autofluorescence signal of chlorophyll a at the early stage of the disease, which markedly decreased 10 days after inoculation. At 3 days post-inoculation (DPI), photosynthetic parameters Fv/Fm and qL significantly increased, while NPQ and qN decreased across all genotypes. Reflectance parameters Ctr1 (Carter index) significantly increased in Bowman and BW828 but decreased in BW 312. There was a significant decrease of Lic1 (Lichtenthaler index) in BW885 after infection with powdery mildew. Expression of the pathogenesis-related HvPR1-b gene increased markedly at 3 DPI, whereas the expression of the heat shock protein gene HvHsp90 increased significantly only at day 6 in powdery mildew-infected Bowman and its mutant lines. The 23kD jasmonate-induced protein gene HvJIP-23 was slightly down-regulated at both 3 and 6 DPI in each genotype. No significant difference was observed in expression of HvJIP-23 between Bowman and its near-isogenic mutants. The root abundant factor gene HvRAF was considerably down-regulated after powdery mildew infection at 3 DPI in each barley genotype as compared with the uninoculated control.

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