Statistical structure of the homogenized precipitation time series of Hungary : Part 1: Statistics of dry days and areas in Hungary

Tar, Károly and Szegedi, Sándor and Hadnagy, István and Tóth, Tamás and Lázár, István (2025) Statistical structure of the homogenized precipitation time series of Hungary : Part 1: Statistics of dry days and areas in Hungary. IDŐJÁRÁS / QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF THE HUNGARIAN METEOROLOGICAL SERVICE, 129 (4). pp. 393-417. ISSN 0324-6329

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Abstract

An exact statistical description of present and future climate requires a database representative in space and time. However, observation records – that is raw climatological time series – are loaded with inhomogeneities due to changes in the location of the weather stations and usage of different instruments and observation protocols. Datasets must be homogenized first, which means that previous measurement data must be adjusted to the present observation protocols, while missing data must be supplemented. The data base of the present examination is the homogenized precipitation time series of Hungary, that is diurnal amounts of precipitation for the 1233 grid cells which cover the area of the country over the period of 1971-2022 in the state of the database in 2023. Firstly, the diurnal amount of precipitation over the area of the country, that is the sum of precipitation what falls in each cell of the grid over the area of the country has been chosen as a variable to be analyzed. Its annual and monthly characteristics have been analyzed for different independent variables. Secondly, spatial characteristics of the diurnal amount of precipitation, that is its distribution among the grid cells have been examined as well. In this article, after summarizing the climatic characteristics and the characteristics for the examined period of the total precipitation in Hungary, we analyze the spatial and temporal statistical properties of the daily dry grids and the dry days per grid. Dry days and grid cells are those when and where the daily precipitation amount is under 0.1 mm.

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