Determinants of Income Poverty in an Underprivileged Area of Hungary

Siposné Nándori, Eszter and Lipták, Katalin and Nagy, Zoltán (2025) Determinants of Income Poverty in an Underprivileged Area of Hungary. ÉSZAK-MAGYARORSZÁGI STRATÉGIAI FÜZETEK, 22 (04). pp. 61-72. ISSN 1786-1594

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Abstract

This study investigates the determinants of income poverty in Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén county, one of Hungary’s most disadvantaged areas. Using household-level survey data collected through online and community-based channels, we apply multiple regression analysis to identify the socio-economic factors most strongly influencing per capita monthly net income. Our results highlight three significant determinants of income poverty: education level, household size, and distance from the county seat. Higher educational attainment substantially increases income, underscoring the importance of human capital in reducing poverty risks. Conversely, larger household size reduces per capita income, reflecting demographic pressures on limited resources. Distance from the county center also has a strong negative effect, pointing to the role of spatial inequalities and infrastructural disadvantages in shaping poverty outcomes. These findings highlight the importance of education, regional development, and demographic factors in shaping poverty risks. Policy implications include the need for integrated strategies that strengthen educational opportunities, improve infrastructure and accessibility, and target support for disadvantaged groups. Such measures are essential to break persistent cycles of deprivation and promote inclusive regional development.

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