The impact of the whole-of-government approach in combating financial crimes in Kenya : a case study of financial reporting center

Peter, Mauti Igesha (2025) The impact of the whole-of-government approach in combating financial crimes in Kenya : a case study of financial reporting center. GRADUS, 12 (2). ISSN 2064-8014

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Abstract

This study explored the impact of the whole-of-government approach in combating financial crimes in Kenya by focusing on the Financial Reporting Center (FRC) as a case study. A sequential explanatory mixed methods research design was used. The target population was the officers working in the FRC such as Officers from the Directorate of Criminal Investigation (DCI), Economic and Anti-Corruption Commission (EACC) as well as representatives from the Central Bank of Kenya (CBK) and the Kenya Revenue Authority (KRA) to explore monitoring and enforcement roles. Total population sampling/complete enumeration sampling was used to select all the officers who were 73 in total. Purposive sampling was used to select the heads of the sections i.e. DCI, EACC, CBK, and KRA. The questionnaire used was researcher-administered. A structured questionnaire was used to obtain information from the officers while interview schedule guides were used to obtain information from the heads of the sections in the center. Hypotheses were tested using Pearson’s Correlation Coefficient (r) at α =0.05 level of significance. The results obtained from Nairobi County reveal varying impacts of key factors in combating financial crimes in Kenya. Intelligence sharing shows a weak positive correlation (r = 0.393), hindered by mistrust, lack of standardized frameworks, and technological disparities. Harmonizing regulations exhibits a very weak positive correlation (r = 0.227), limited by institutional silos, conflicting mandates, and inconsistent frameworks. Conversely, integrating technological tools demonstrates a strong positive correlation (r = 0.817), emphasizing the importance of advanced systems for enforcement. Coordinating enforcement actions also shows a strong correlation (r = 0.684), underscoring the need for inter-agency collaboration. Addressing issues like institutional competition, resource constraints, and systemic barriers are crucial to strengthening intelligence-sharing and harmonizing regulations, key components in curbing financial crimes effectively.

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