Differential roles of salicylic acid and glutathione in resistance of tobacco to tobacco mosaic virus and tobacco necrosis virus

Künstler, András and Kolozsváriné Nagy, Judit and Albert, Réka and Schwarczinger, Ildikó and Gullner, Gábor and Király, Lóránt (2025) Differential roles of salicylic acid and glutathione in resistance of tobacco to tobacco mosaic virus and tobacco necrosis virus. ACTA PHYTOPATHOLOGICA ET ENTOMOLOGICA HUNGARICA, 60 (2). pp. 126-141. ISSN 0238-1249

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Abstract

It is well-established that salicylic acid (SA) and glutathione are key components of plant defense against viruses. Our earlier research showed that elevated glutathione in tobacco correlated with increased SA levels resulting in enhanced resistance to Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV). We also demonstrated that glutathione could maintain TMV resistance in SA-deficient transgenic tobacco (Künstler et al., 2019). In the present study, we tested how SA and glutathione affect plant defense to Tobacco necrosis virus (TNV). Our results show that glutathione overproduction in tobacco had no effect on TNV levels and elevated glutathione in SA deficient tobacco could not compensate for the lack of SA as opposed to TMV infections. An analysis of SA and glutathione levels was conducted in virus-inoculated plants. An increase in SA levels was a characteristic of TMV infection, but not of TNV, while glutathione levels increased in response to both viruses. However, SA is necessary for maintaining plant defense to both TMV and TNV because the absence of SA leads to increased susceptibility to both viruses. In overall high levels of glutathione seem to be clearly associated with a higher degree of resistance to TMV but not to TNV. This study may contribute to a better understanding of plant defense responses against viruses.

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