Fehér hamuka (Berteroa incana (L.)) okozta mérgezés klinikai megjelenése lovakban = Clinical manifestation of Hoary alyssum (Berteroa incana (L.)) toxicosis in horses

Rompos, Laura and Kis, János Krisztián and Péli, Evelin Ramóna and Cserhalmi, Dániel (2026) Fehér hamuka (Berteroa incana (L.)) okozta mérgezés klinikai megjelenése lovakban = Clinical manifestation of Hoary alyssum (Berteroa incana (L.)) toxicosis in horses. MAGYAR ÁLLATORVOSOK LAPJA, 148 (2). pp. 75-83. ISSN 0025-004X

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Abstract

Esettanulmányukban a szerzők szeretnék felhívni a hazai állatorvosok figyelmét a szénában és legelőkön előforduló, lovak körében súlyos klinikai megbetegedést okozó fehér hamukára (Berteroa incana (L.)). 2024-ben, Bács-Kiskun vármegyében öt felnőtt ló esetében tapasztaltak a szakirodalomnak megfelelő tüneteket: mozgást elutasító, apatikus, nyugodt viselkedés, merevség, gyengeség, kettő vagy több végtag beszűrődése, valamint savós patairha-gyulladás egyértelmű jeleit. Emellett a szénában nagy mennyiségű fehér hamukát találtak. Fontos megemlíteni, hogy a növény időben felismert jelenlétével megelőzhető a jelentős gazdasági kár, és az egyéb állategészségügyi és állatjólléti problémák. | Hoary alyssum (Berteroa incana (L.)) toxicosis in horses is not a commonly recognized disease in Hungary. It is not uncommon that a horse is “stocking up”, or they develop swelling on all limbs, mainly on lower limbs or only they seem to be depressed with or without a fever. In the United States this plant is an invasive, well-known toxic herb to horses that is very common and endemic in many states. Previous studies revealed the after the digestion of the plant-contaminated hay, the toxicosis is described by severe signs of laminitis, and oedema on all four limbs. Furthermore, horses can suffer from pulmonary oedema, diarrhoea, abortion, intravascular haemolysis, haemoperitoneum, haemothorax, hypovola- emic shock and renal failure. Five adult horses in a stable located in Bács-Kiskun County, Hungary, suffered poisoning and the clinical signs were similar to the results of former studies. The hay was eliminated immediately. The examination of the bale has confirmed that the hay contained large proportion of hoary alyssum. Clinical examination was performed on all the horses and we started the management and treatment of them. In our case, all the five affected horses had recovered after a few days intensive, and careful treatment without any major complications from the toxicosis. Two of them were not fully recovered, but after an extended treatment, they were also cured fully. The syndrome was caused by hoary alyssum, presumably an underdiagnosed disease in our country. As it is accessible to horses, it can cause a great economic and health damage. The pathomechanism of the syndrome is not fully understood and need further examination and research. It is sure that we must consider the atropine content, the high amount of non-structural carbohydrate, and the polyphenol, sterol, triterpene and glucosinolates content of it. Furthermore, it is likely that the amount of the consumed plants can play an important role in the severity of the syndrome. It is also important to know that the seeds of hoary alyssum in the infected forage could also be the source of the illness.

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