Child Pornography in Hungarian Criminal Law: Offender Categories and the Investigative Potential of Artificial Intelligence

Kiss, Eszter and Czebe, András (2025) Child Pornography in Hungarian Criminal Law: Offender Categories and the Investigative Potential of Artificial Intelligence. STUDIA JURIDICA ET POLITICA JAURINENSIS, 12 (2). pp. 1-13. ISSN 2064-5902

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Abstract

This article examines the Hungarian offence of child pornography from criminal-law, criminological, comparative-law, and technological perspectives. It outlines the development of the Hungarian legal framework under the influence of international and European norms, and compares it with the regulation in Germany, the United Kingdom, the United States, and Japan. The article also argues that the term paedophile is often used inaccurately in legal and public discourse, since not all offenders involved in child pornography cases fall within that clinical category. Against this background, it considers whether artificial-intelligence-based image recognition may assist criminal investigations involving child sexual abuse material. It concludes that such systems may be legally and practically useful in Hungary, provided that they remain subject to clear statutory regulation, meaningful human oversight, and strict data-protection safeguards.

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