The Use of Artificial Intelligence in Cyberattacks, Part 2 : Phases 1–4 of the Cyber Kill Chain Model

Kovács, Zoltán (2025) The Use of Artificial Intelligence in Cyberattacks, Part 2 : Phases 1–4 of the Cyber Kill Chain Model. HADMÉRNÖK, 20 (4). pp. 53-67. ISSN 1788-1919

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Abstract

The first part of this series of articles provided an overview of artificial intelligence (AI) and its various subfields (e.g. machine learning, generative AI, etc.), and showed that the Cyber Kill Chain (CKC) model, despite all its limitations, is suitable for achieving the goal of this series of articles, i.e. it can be used to demonstrate how attackers can use AI in cyberattacks. In order to develop adequate cyber defence against AI-assisted cyberattacks, it is necessary to know what AI-assisted tools attackers can use in each phase of the attack. This article focuses on the first four phases of the CKC model (reconnaissance, weaponization, delivery and exploitation) to examine where and how attackers are already using artificial intelligence in the first four phases of the Cyber Kill Chain model to achieve their goals, and how this helps attackers.

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