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ESG Ratings and Financial Markets: Evidence, Measurement Noise and Misinterpretations

Gasteiger, Károly (2026) ESG Ratings and Financial Markets: Evidence, Measurement Noise and Misinterpretations. FINANCIAL AND ECONOMIC REVIEW, 25 (2). pp. 159-177. ISSN 2415-9271 (print); 2415–928X (online)

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Abstract

This essay examines the measurement limitations that arise when ESG ratings are interpreted as financial information. It argues that composite ESG scores should not be treated as stable risk factors, but rather as information signals shaped by provider-specific methodologies, data sources, disclosure practices and aggregation choices. This essay discusses the separation between disclosure and actual ESG outcomes, the model risk created by rating divergence, and the frequent misinterpretation of the green premium and ESG performance. From a banking perspective, the implication is not to discard ESG information, but rather to use external ESG data with discipline. Without financial materiality, data quality controls, exposure-based assessments and internal governance, ESG cannot serve as a defensible input in financial decision-making.

Item Type: Article
Uncontrolled Keywords: ESG ratings, financial markets, measurement error, rating divergence, information noise, prudential risk management
Subjects: H Social Sciences / társadalomtudományok > HG Finance / pénzügy
SWORD Depositor: MTMT SWORD
Depositing User: MTMT SWORD
Date Deposited: 06 Jul 2026 08:17
Last Modified: 06 Jul 2026 08:17
URI: https://real.mtak.hu/id/eprint/241408

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